[Incidence of adverse events in a general surgery unit].

OBJECTIVE Clinical practice is an activity accompanied by risks and uncertainties. The objectives are: to determine the incidence of patients with adverse events (AE) in a general surgery unit; to analyse the associated factors; to consider their impact and to identify the prevention possibilities. PATIENTS AND METHOD Ambispective study in patients taken care of in a general surgery unit in a tertiary hospital. Every admission was prospectively reviewed using a screening guide, with all the clinical histories that fulfilled screening criteria being examined retrospectively using a modular questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 989 histories were reviewed, the positive predictive value (PPV) of the screening guide for AE was 53%. The accumulated incidence of patients with AE was 17.8% and the incidence density of AE was 1.92 for every 100 days of hospitalisation. Intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors were associated to greater risk of EA, the most frequent events being: nosocomial infections (54.4%), surgical problems (31.8%) and problems associated with medication (7.4%). A total of 66.8% of the AE were considered moderate, with 53.5% of all AE being preventable. CONCLUSIONS The screening questionnaire was useful for the valuation of adverse events. AE are common in surgical patients which has an effect on the use of other hospital resources. The most important associated factors were: length of stay, surgical and extrinsic factors and surgical wound infection as the main AE. Two thirds of AE were considered moderate and half of all AE were considered avoidable.